Missoula Unified Development Code

Zoning Code Reform

Nov 7

Written by Dacie Doucette

Missoula Unified Development Code

Missoula, MT · 2022–2024

Client: City of Missoula
Location: Missoula, MT
Year: 2022–2024 (adopted 2026)
CP Role: Subconsultant to Metta Urban Design
Practice Area: Zoning + Code Reform
Team: Jamin Kimmell, Principal-in-Charge; Alex Steinberger; Irene Kim

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The Challenge

Missoula's development rules were fragmented, inconsistent, and out of step with the City's housing and equity goals, which made infill, affordable housing, and walkable mixed use hard to build.

Our Approach

We led an Equity in Land Use Audit that traced today's housing inequities to their history, from the displacement of the Indigenous community to the spread of single-dwelling zoning. Prototype modeling showed how the existing rules held back housing, and we tested reforms against housing capacity and greenhouse gas emissions. We also led engagement designed for each audience, from frontline communities to frequent code users.

Outcome

Missoula City Council adopted the Unified Development Code unanimously in February 2026. It eliminated minimum parking requirements and legalized middle housing in all residential zones.

Related Projects

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Projects

Housing PolicyFeaturedZoning Code UpdatesCode AuditsHousing Needs + Capacity AnalysisEngagement Strategy

This article was written by Dacie Doucette, founder of Hunch Theory Web Design & SEO, a Portland-based web design and digital marketing company.

The idea was simple: to help business owners take the guesswork out of web design and make their online presence something they’re genuinely excited about. I work closely with passionate business owners and community leaders, turning their vision into reality with sites that not only look great but also connect with their customers and help their businesses grow.

I bring a mix of marketing theory, intuition, and my creative touch to every project.

https://hunchtheory.com

Columbus Zoning Code + Map Update

Incremental Housing Infrastructure Impacts Study

Spatial Planning + Placemaking

Conceptual planning, test-fits, streetscapes, and master plans that make places walkable, vibrant, and inclusive — with the design and economic analysis to show they can actually be built.

Visioning + Long-Range Planning

Comprehensive and general plans that frame alternative futures, surface trade-offs, and set a direction the community owns — not one it inherits from a process it didn’t trust.

Urban Analytics + Scenario Planning

Growth modeling, fiscal impact analysis, and policy evaluation that let communities test alternative futures before committing — decisions made with eyes open to uncertainty, not in spite of it.

Real Estate + Feasibility

Site feasibility, pro forma, public-private partnership structuring, and development strategy for public-sector clients navigating the gap between what a place could be and what the market will currently support.

Zoning Code Reform

Code audits, zoning updates, form-based codes, and design standards written for adoption and legal review — not just policy aspiration. Pro-forma-driven analysis that tests whether new standards produce the outcomes they promise.

Housing Policy

Housing needs analyses, production strategies, and middle-housing policy calibrated to local markets and state statutory requirements — so plans produce housing, not just goals.

Environment + Sustainability

Urban forestry, parks and open space planning, climate action, and environmental equity analysis — treated as a land use problem alongside core planning practice, not as a separate sustainability track.

How We Work

1. Road-Tested Futures

We structure work around alternative futures rather than a single recommended path, stress-testing strategies against market, regulatory, and political conditions before clients commit. Scenario planning, feasibility analysis, and housing needs assessments form the analytic foundation — so decisions get made with eyes open to uncertainty, not in spite of it.

2. Visually Striking Storytelling

Sophisticated analysis is only useful if non-technical audiences can engage with it. We translate quantitative findings, policy choices, and design ideas into plain-language narratives, diagrams, and renderings that a council member, a property owner, or a neighbor can see, debate, and act on — without simplifying the substance underneath.

3. Hands-On, Equitable Engagement

Quality process creates quality outcomes. We engage authentically, not transactionally — designing processes that meet people where they are, in their language, their venue, their schedule, so communities feel genuinely heard, not simply consulted. We integrate that input with the technical work it’s meant to inform, to create outcomes shaped by the community.

4. Place-Based Designs

Two convictions drive our practice: a plan only matters if it can be acted on, and planning works best when it’s grounded in a real place. Every plan, policy, and analysis we produce is anchored to specific places — drawing on local form, history, and patterns of use so ideas can be visualized, debated, refined, and built. Grounding the work spatially is what makes spatial planning more than a label.

5. Market-Feasible Strategies

A plan is only as good as its adoption rate. We are clear-eyed about the financial, regulatory, and political obstacles to realizing equity and sustainability, and we build those conditions into the work from the start — pro forma stress-tests, code drafts written for legal review, strategies calibrated to what the market will actually support and build.